Nutritional Status, Glycemic Response and Dietary Compliance of Newly Diagnosed Versus long term Patients with type II diabetes

Abstract

Type II Diabetes Mellitus is a growing public health concern in India, with dietary habits, body composition, and long-term glycemic control playing a crucial role in disease management.  To assess the nutritional profile, glycated hemoglobin, and dietary compliance of Type II Diabetics, with newly diagnosed (N = 79) and long-term (N = 71) patients. Data was collected for anthropometry, 24-hour dietary recall, HbA1c and dietary compliance. BMI in the newly diagnosed group was 26 + 4 kg/m2) and for the long term group it was 27 + 3 kg/m2 (p=0.081) with significant differences across BMI categories in the two groups (p=0.04). The recommendation for energy and protein intake was met by the newly diagnosed group, while the long-term group's energy and protein intake met 93.9% and 88.6% adequacy, respectively. HbA1c values were better in newly diagnosed subjects (p = 0.07), but dietary compliance scores were higher in the long-term group. The correlation between HbA1c and dietary compliance was very weak and not correlated. In conclusion, nutritional status of both the groups was similar, newly diagnosed diabetics demonstrated better nutrient adequacy and glycemic control, whereas long-term diabetics showed greater dietary compliance, underscoring different challenges across disease stages.