NUTRITIONAL STATUS, GLYCEMIC RESPONSE AND DIETARY COMPLIANCE OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED VERSUS LONG TERM PATIENTS WITH TYPE II DIABETES

Abstract

A Cross-sectional study was  conducted in Delhi with 150 adults with Type II Diabetes with the aim to compare the nutritional status, glycated Haemoglobin and dietary compliance score of newly diagnosed (N=79) and long term (N= 71) Type II Diabetic subjects. Data was collected for socio-demographic profile, Anthropometric measurements, 24-hour dietary recall for 3 days, HbA1c and dietary compliance. The mean BMI of subjects in the newly diagnosed group was 26 + 4 kg/m²) while in the long term group it was 27 + 3 kg/m2. (p=0.081). There was a difference in the distribution of BMI categories of the two groups (p=0.04). Females in the newly diagnosed group were consuming more fruits (p=0.02 ) and fats(p=0.11 ) as compared to the long term group. In the newly diagnosed group the energy and protein intake was as per the ICMR (2018) recommendation and in the long term group energy and protein intake met 93.9% and 88.6% adequacy. Better blood sugar control was seen in the newly diagnosed group as compared to the long term group (p=0.07). The dietary compliance score of long term group was higher as compared to the newly diagnosed group and dietary compliance score was better in the long term group in both vegetarians (p=0.04) and non-vegetarians (p= 0.01). In both the groups, the correlation between HbA1c levels and dietary compliance for both vegetarian and non-vegetarian groups was very weak and not correlated.