Reframing India's Approach to Snakebite Envenomation Through a One Health Approach

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56450/

Keywords:

Snake Bites, One Health, Public Health Policy

Abstract

Snakebite envenomation remains a neglected public health challenge in India. More than 1,000,000 snakebites occur annually, causing approximately 58,000 deaths,[2] and disability in nearly four times as many people.[1] The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target of reducing snakebite-related deaths by 50% by 2030.[3] India has aligned its national response through the launch of the National Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Snakebite Envenoming (NAPSE) in 2024.[4] Achieving this goal, however, requires moving beyond a predominantly biomedical response to adopting a one-health framework which consider human, animal and environmental aspects of the problem together to find comprehensive solutions.

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References

1. Mukherjee AK, Maity CR. Biochemical composition, lethality and pathophysiology of venom from two cobras — Naja naja and N. kaouthia. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2002;131(2):125–32.

2. Dandona R, Kumar GA, Kharyal A, George S, Akbar M, Dandona L. Mortality due to snakebite and other venomous animals in the Indian state of Bihar: Findings from a representative mortality study. PLOS ONE. 2018;13(6):e0198900.

3. Majumder D, Sinha A, Bhattacharya SK, Ram R, Dasgupta U, Ram A. Epidemiological Profile of Snake Bite in South 24 Parganas District of West Bengal with Focus on Underreporting of Snake Bite Deaths. Indian Journal of Public Health. 2014;58(1):17.

4. Gutiérrez JM, Bolon I, Borri J, Ruiz de Castañeda R. Broadening the research landscape in the field of snakebite envenoming: Towards a holistic perspective. Toxicon. 2023;233:107279.

5. Gutiérrez JM, Burnouf T, Harrison RA, Calvete JJ, Brown N, Jensen SD, et al. A Call for Incorporating Social Research in the Global Struggle against Snakebite. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(9):e0003960.

6. Babo Martins S, Bolon I, Alcoba G, Ochoa C, Torgerson P, Sharma SK, et al. Assessment of the effect of snakebite on health and socioeconomic factors using a One Health perspective in the Terai region of Nepal: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Glob Health. 2022;10(3):e409–15.

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Published

2026-05-30


How to Cite

1.
Gupta K, Kumar R. Reframing India’s Approach to Snakebite Envenomation Through a One Health Approach. J. Epidemiol. Found. India [Internet]. 2026 May 30 [cited 2026 Jul. 1];4(2):203-5. Available from: https://efi.org.in/journal/index.php/JEFI/article/view/539

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