Physical health status of Institutionalised orphans in Lucknow district: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Children living in orphanage homes are a socially vulnerable group at increased risk of health and educational problems. Evidence on their physical health status in India remains limited. This study assessed the physical health status of children residing in orphanage homes in Lucknow district.Aims and Objectives: To assess the physical health status of children living in orphanage homes in Lucknow district Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2024 to April 2025 in six randomly selected government and private orphanage homes in Lucknow. A total of 114 children aged 11–18 years were included. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and nutritional status was assessed using WHO BMI-for-age standards. General physical examination was performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0.Results: Of the participants, 56.1% were female and 43.9% were aged 14–16 years. School dropout was reported by 58.8% of children. Most participants (82.5%) had normal nutritional status, while 5.3% were thin and 12.3% were overweight or obese. Pallor was observed in 13.2%, and 16.7% had unsatisfactory oral hygiene. Government health facilities were used by 78.3% of those seeking care.Conclusion: Although most children had normal nutritional status, gaps in education, micronutrient status, and health care access highlight the need for regular health screening, nutrition education, and educational support.