Reprogramming Bacteriophage Therapy with Artificial Intelligence: The Next Leap in AMR Combat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56450/JEFI.2026.v4i01.016Keywords:
AMR, Phage therapy , Artificial Intelligence (AI)Abstract
Antibiotics are extensively utilized as therapeutic agents, ranging from initial treatment to last-resort medications. Microorganisms have acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a result of their growing use and abuse. The ability of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, to withstand the effects of antimicrobial medications that were once efficient in treating infections is known as antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A major public health concern marked by higher treatment failures and mortality rates is caused by this phenomenon, which is made worse by variables including the overuse and inappropriate use of antibiotics. An estimated 700,000 fatalities worldwide are due to AMR each year (1) , a surge in resistant infections that is substantial, with resistance rates three to four times greater in low- and middle-income nations than in high-income ones (2).
India confronts major issues with AMR, with large economic expenditures connected with it, totalling to $2.5 billion yearly, according to an examination of AMR in five countries: the USA, India, China, the United Kingdom, and Pakistan(3). Additionally, according to the Global One Health Index (GOHI), Brazil and India exhibit significant shortcomings in their AMR laboratory networks and coordination capabilities, which worsens the AMR problem(4). According to estimations, bacterial AMR caused 4.95 million deaths globally in 2019, and by 2050, it might be the cause of 10 million deaths yearly(5). The crucial link between antimicrobial consumption and resistance is further highlighted by the WHO's Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS), with India's high rates of antimicrobial consumption contributing significantly to the global AMR burden(6).
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Copyright (c) 2026 Neeraj Ranakoti, khusboo Bisht, Deo Mani Tripathi (Author)
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